FIRST AID:
Continuing the theme of the last issue we will address the tissue damage open tender, (LTB OPEN)
We have four types of open wounds, these have different levels of severity. The comment. ABRASION
: This is characterized by the loss of a portion of the skin as a result of a scratch on the skin through a hard or rough almost surely we have all suffered.
lacerations: is a cut produced by an object sharp, according to the extent of the injury is its severity.
AVULSION: is an injury in which a piece of skin is torn completely losing all insertion point or being united in one end. SHARP
: produced by a knife or anything sharp peak or a bullet, external bleeding are usually not severe because the income is small, but we can not assess the damage done to deep structures that can even cause severe bleeding and death. May have vent holes, which he called PERFORATING should always be alert to injuries outgoing.
How should we treat?
For this we and start dealing with some technical know how we should control bleeding, as we do to prevent this injury and continue to pollute and immobilize the affected part. It is common to hear at home that any injury the first thing we do is disinfect the wound, we must assume that once a damaged skin protection, all wounds are contaminated, it is impossible to sterilize a wound in the prehospital area, but we can prevent further contamination by applying a dry sterile dressing, the goal is to avoid a second infection, immobilization and stabilization of the pain will ease and facilitate patient transport. MANAGEMENT
avulsion:
Unfold the shedding of skin wound back toward normal alignment and trying to put a pressure bandage, sterile and dry. If this is complete, there has been an amputation, this part should be taken with the patient to attempt a detached tissue replantation of the segment amputee should be wrapped in sterile gauze, place it in a plastic bag and placed in a cold container preventing the tissues from freezing .-
OBJECT MANAGEMENT TO BE IN THE BODY OF THE VICTIM:
a. - DO NOT MOVE OR REMOVE THE OBJECT.
b. - DRESSING USE IN Hache (OCCLUSIVE) to stabilize the
OBJECT c. - TRANSPORT THE PATIENT WITH THE OBJECT IN PLACE.
BLEEDING:
The severity of bleeding depends on the amount of blood lost, with the speed that was lost and how long you started bleeding.
The volume of blood that a person owns is approximately 7% of their body weight, a person of 80 kgs. has approximately 5 ½ liters. blood, we must consider that a person lost 15% of blood flow causes him a state of shock, with the previous example this happens with the loss of less than one liter of blood, but if the loss is 30% (2 liters) or more the result is a serious state of shock.
Given the weight-liters, we must exercise extreme care in children where the amount of blood is small and any bleeding can be dangerous (10 kg. = 700 ml.'s blood)
The first rule of management is to control LTB bleeding, internal bleeding can find, these are usually not visible and can be very serious, the most common evidence that we are in the presence of internal bleeding is a contusion (bruise the common), there is little we can do and that usually the solution is surgical intervention, so we should not wasting time and an urgent appeal to hospital.
visible external bleeding and classified according to its source in capillary, venous and arterial
The hair usually pose no risk from injury and superficial.
The veins carry blood from the organs to the heart, to have lower blood pressure are easier to control and may even cease its own mechanisms.
The arterial blood leads from the heart to the organs and the rest of the body comes in intermittently and abundant, coinciding with the heart pumping, this pump makes our body's own mechanisms to control the bleeding, which will have to be controlled manually.
main methods to control external bleeding are:
a. - b.
DIRECT PRESSURE - PRESSURE INDIRECT (POINT PRESSURE ON THE ARTERIES)
c. - a.
TOURNIQUET - Direct pressure is performed by placing a sterile gauze over the wound and press firmly with your hands or fingers, if we can control the bleeding as quickly as possible to apply a bandage, the dressing should be done from above the wound down.
If we fail to control bleeding with this maneuver, we suspect that a large blood vessel has been damaged, we use the pressure point control, which is the application of compression on the injured artery, the points that we find are the FEMORAL (leg), the brachial (arm) and carotid (neck), the compression must be sufficiently tight as to compress the artery against the bone. To perform this maneuver should be able to recognize where we find pulse, this is precisely the place where an artery passes. Only as a last resort
consider the use of a tourniquet, this tightens all the tissues beneath it, which can cause permanent damage to nerves and blood vessels. This maneuver known to all, for many people the correct way to control bleeding but we must be aware that later has to amputate a limb, even in these cases, life becomes relevant on the member.
For application material must use a wide, flat, tough, put it in a proximal site to injury, but more distal as possible in the arm or thigh, adjust until the bleeding has subsided not loosen or remove.
.
0 comments:
Post a Comment