TASKS FOR STUDENTS OF MIDDLE AREA OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Students 1 and Year 2 - Unit 1
Students 3 - 4 and Year 5 - Unit 1 and 2
UNIT 1
SYSTEM
OSTEOARTROMUSCULAR
Bones, muscles and joints, in the same way that a building, our body, is composed of columns and beams that rely on different structures, our body also has an internal skeleton that serves as a support, the skeleton consists of a set of articulated bones if it is a point of attachment of the muscles, they can contract and relax others allow some movement of the skeleton. Whether walking, jumping, climbing, etc. we need the set of bones, muscles and joints, that together form the musculoskeletal system or osteoartromuscular.
The skeleton also has functions of support and protection of our internal organs such as brain, heart, lungs.
In the human skeleton can distinguish two parts, the axial and appendicular skeleton, the axial is formed by the vertebral column (in some groups the chest) and head up the appendicular structures that give support to a limb and waists pelvic and scapular. Structure
bones are mostly made of bone, bone cells called osteocytes, these are in different chambers communicated with each other via the bony canaliculi forming a large network along which nutrients from vessels to cells.
bones differ, can be lengthy, as the femur or humerus, these holes are located where the red bone marrow, this is a soft substance whose cells are responsible for producing or making blood cells, SHORTS, as ROUTE vertebrae, and scapula.
Inside are not all equal are formed by COMPACT or sponge bone, these tissues are organized in different ways in different types of bones, for example a short bone is made up of spongy tissue rich, surrounded by a thin layer of tissue compact.
JOINTS: entán bones articulated to each according to their mobility can be classified as moving or synovial joints, semi-mobile or amphiarthrosis, and fixed or synarthrosis.
synovial joint: the surface of the bones that are articulated are lined with cartilage that is the one that supports the friction of bone movement between these bones is a bag containing a lubricant called synovial fluid, this joint is wrapped in a tough, flexible tissue that prevents the muscles out of place, this is called a joint capsule, the capsule out of the bones are held together by ligaments.
amphiarthrosis: the bones are covered with cartilage, separated by a hard fibrous cartilage and bound together by ligaments.
synarthrosis: the tissue between the bones can be fibrous, as in the case of the bones of the skull, or cartilage, and between the ribs and sternum.
MUSCLE:
bones to move need someone to move, managers are skeletal muscles, these events are contracting and relaxing. We have more than 600 skeletal muscles sizes and shapes, working together to seek the same objective, to enable all types of movement. The muscles are made of cells called muscle fibers, which have the ability to contract and relax, we must bear in mind that these muscles are not the same as those that are for example the heart or the stomach.
will name the major muscle groups:
HEAD: they are mimicking, involved in the production of gestures and chewing, the FRONT frowns and raised eyebrows, the buccinator, lets blow; orbicularis, open and close their eyes , the temporal and masseter muscles move the jaw and allow chewing.
NECK allow movement of the head with respect to the trunk as the sternocleidomastoid and scalene.
TRUNK: the pectoralis major arms move forward, the intercostals elevate the ribs during inspiration, the rectus flexes the body forward, shoulders elevate the traps, the lats move the arms back, the diaphragm is involved in respiratory mechanics.
UPPER LIMB: responsible for the movement of the arm, forearm and hand. The deltoid lifts the arm, the biceps and triceps flex and extend the arm, hand PALMARES flex the forearm, the finger flexors to bend your fingers.
TIPS BOTTOM: responsible for the movements of the thigh, leg and foot.
The BUTTOCKS maintain the body upright, the sartorius allowed to cross the legs, the quadriceps extend the leg and its antagonist, the biceps femoris, the bends, the TWINS permit us to tiptoe. ACTIVITY
No. 1
answer the following questionnaire:
1 .- As the device consists
osteoartomuscular .- 2 .- What are the functions of the skeleton .-
3 .- According to how you rate your bones. - 4 .-
formed bone tissue, gives examples
.- 5 .- Classify joints and give example of each
ACTIVITY .- ª 2 Locates in drawing the major bones
. ACTIVITY
No. 3 Locate the different structures of the joints
. In the same way scheme performs other types of joints
ACTIVITY 4 LOCATED MAJOR MUSCLE GROUPS
ES: http:// 3.bp.blogspot.com/_9YXhcq75xtE/Si1FPoc9qtI/AAAAAAAAAA0/cEMRSnXR148/s1600-h/grupos + musculares.jpg This activity can make and answer via email or this blog, plus you can print it or save it as our first virtual folder
MAIL: adriantemwheel@hotmail.com or adriantemwheel@gmail.com
UNIT 2
RESPIRATORY ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
The main function of the respiratory system is to take oxygen from atmospheric air into the blood and expel carbon dioxide from it, the O2 is required to produce all internal combustion to release food energy, CO2 is the gas resulting from combustion and these must be quickly removed to be toxic.
Every cell in the body requires oxygen to live, without O2 suffocate and die. The most sensitive are those of the brain is irreversibly damaged only a few minutes after the O2 supply begins to decline.
To ensure an uninterrupted supply O2 to the brain and other tissues, our body has withthe respiratory system.
The O2 accounts for 21% of the air we breathe, the rest is nearly all nitrogen.
To reach the lungs, the air passes through different structures, the upper airways and lower.
upper airways
Air enters the respiratory tract through the nose or mouth through the nose if the air is filtered to remove foreign particles are humidified to prevent drying out the mucous membranes and is heated to a 37 ° C.
Both the mouth and the nose lead to a common passage called pharynx (throat), O2 molecules that have reached the back of the throat are two tubes, in front is the trachea and is the leading air to the lungs and esophagus posterior tube that carries liquid and solid in the stomach.
To prevent liquids and solids from entering the trachea is at the entrance of it is a trap door called the epiglottis, which protects the lower airways of the invasion.
After passing through the epiglottis air reaches the lower portion of the throat called the larynx or voice box and vocal cords could find. The front of the larynx may be felt in the middle of the neck, the Adam's apple.
lower airways
Structures are below the larynx are considered lower airways.
low air into the trachea, which has a skeleton made up of about 20 cartilaginous rings that prevent the body from being crushed by encouraging the constant passage of air, these rings are incomplete backwards to allow the esophagus to distend it passes the bolus.
When the trachea enters the thorax is divided into two smaller tubes, the main bronchus and bronchus RIGHT LEFT.
In the lungs these branch into increasingly smaller pipes to end in millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli.
Each socket is located on a network of capillaries are small blood vessels and that is where there is exchange of O2 and CO2, a process called hematosis.
The blood taken from the alveoli to be carried O2 to the body and the CO2 is released by the blood into the alveoli to be exhale the environment. NRO
ACTIVITY 1: Locate the different structures of the respiratory system.
ACTIVITY 2: Outlines the function of respiratory system.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM ANATOMY:
The cardiovascular system is made up of a central body, contractile, HEART, and peripheral circulatory system consists of blood vessels and nodes.
THE HEART:
blood is essential for life, is circulated by the heart, we think that the heart is a great pump that moves more than 12300 liters of blood per day, if we consider we assume an average life that will beat more than 2,500 million times.
The heart is a hollow organ, housed in the middle of the chest between the lungs in front of the esophagus and behind the breastbone and above the diaphragm.
help you stay in position the start of the arteries, aorta and pulmonary artery, veins that end of it, vena cava and pulmonary veins, and pericardium, which is a membrane that covers it.
Internally, the heart is divided by two more or less perpendicular blocks, a vertical and a cross, they form four chambers, two atria and two ventricles, the atria are not connected to each other as well as the ventricles, but if there is communication between atrium and ventricle on each side, these are communicated through a hole called ATRIOVENTRICULAR.
contractile mass is called heart attack, consisting of branched muscle fibers that are striated but are involuntary, despite its similarity to the skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle has SUCCESS - CONDUCTIVITY - CONTRACTILITY. The state of contraction is called systole and the diastolic relaxation.
ARTERIES:
are very elastic tubes that go from the ventricles, which receive blood and distributed throughout the body, as they gradually decrease away from the heart is reduced as his caliber arterial capillaries in the privacy of organs.
We have two main arterial trunks, the pulmonary artery and the aorta.
The pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle is divided into two branches, one for each lung, these carry oxygen-poor blood and full of CO2.
The aorta arises from the left ventricle in all its journey through the aorta of all branches originating says the arrival of oxygenated blood throughout our bodies.
The first branch originating from it are the coronary arteries, which oxygenate the heart and then continues to an area called the aortic arch, right arch shows the brachiocephalic trunk, which quickly divides into two branches, the carotid artery RIGHT and the right subclavian artery, right aortic arch to the left are born left common carotid artery and left subclavian. The carotid arteries ascend through the neck, subclavian ensure nutrition of the upper limbs, runs throughout the member and by region or bone which it relates takes its name, axillary. humeral, radial, ulnar.
Heart Behind the aortic arch continues with the descending aorta, which runs along the spine, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta, these are born different arterial branches that feed the area. A lumbar level the descending aorta divides into two branches RIGHT iliac artery and left common iliac artery, which in turn are divided into internal iliac, which nourishes the organs in the pelvis and that is the External Iliac that feeds the lower limbs, also according to the region or bone to which it relates takes its name, femoral, popliteal, peroneal, etc.
VEINS:
arterial capillaries are continuous with the venous capillaries. The main venous trunks are the four pulmonary veins, the vena cava above and below. The pulmonary veins are from two of each lung that flow into the left atrium carrying oxygenated blood, the superior vena cava brings blood to the right atrium with a low concentration of O2 and CO2 concentration of head and neck and upper limbs the inferior vena cava brings blood from the trunk and lower limbs. We call
blood flow to the movement of blood in the arteries and veins, there are two circuits, one called small circulation or pulmonary circulation and the the wide circulation or systemic circulation, we can summarize that the small movement is expressed with his birth in the right ventricle, which sends blood carboxigenada through the pulmonary artery to the lungs where it produces hematosis and through the pulmonary veins is carried oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
We can express the great movement as it rises in the left atrium, oxygenated blood from the left ventricle, left ventricle sends oxygenated blood through the aorta to all tissues, then continue with those carrying the vena cava blood carboxigenada into the right atrium.
ACTIVITY: 1 .- Locate the main arterial and venous trunks.
2 .- Make a diagram of the small circulation and the great movement
These same guys also managed to get 400 doses of vaccines to prevent Argentina Hemorrhagic Fever, in three years nearly a thousand doses, such as management for the benefit of the community. In addition, our nurses trained inthe preparation of this vaccine so if you're not vaccinated just ask. 
